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Four-compartment model that adds an exposed (latent) class.

Usage

model_seir(init, params, times, ...)

Arguments

init

Named numeric vector. R defaults to 0 if omitted, e.g. c(S = 980, E = 10, I = 10).

params

Named numeric vector, e.g. c(beta = 0.3, alpha = 0.2, gamma = 0.1).

beta

Transmission rate.

alpha

Rate of progression from exposed to infectious (1/alpha = mean latent period).

gamma

Recovery rate (1/gamma = mean infectious period).

N

Total population size. Optional — defaults to sum(init).

b

Birth rate (per capita per time). Optional.

d

Death rate (per capita per time). Optional.

times

Numeric vector of output times.

...

Additional arguments passed to ode_solver.

Value

A data.frame with columns time, S, E, I, R.

Details

Closed population (default): $$\frac{dS}{dt} = -\beta \frac{S I}{N}$$ $$\frac{dE}{dt} = \beta \frac{S I}{N} - \alpha E$$ $$\frac{dI}{dt} = \alpha E - \gamma I$$ $$\frac{dR}{dt} = \gamma I$$

Open population (when b / d are provided): $$\frac{dS}{dt} = b N - \beta \frac{S I}{N} - d S$$ $$\frac{dE}{dt} = \beta \frac{S I}{N} - \alpha E - d E$$ $$\frac{dI}{dt} = \alpha E - \gamma I - d I$$ $$\frac{dR}{dt} = \gamma I - d R$$

  • S Susceptible — not yet infected.

  • E Exposed — infected but not yet infectious (mean latent period \(1/\alpha\)).

  • I Infectious — actively spreading the pathogen (mean infectious period \(1/\gamma\)).

  • R Recovered — permanently immune.

In the closed case population size \(N = S + E + I + R\) is conserved.

Examples

# Closed population
model_seir(
  init   = c(S = 980, E = 10, I = 10),
  params = c(beta = 0.3, alpha = 0.2, gamma = 0.1),
  times  = seq(0, 50, by = 0.1)
)
#>     time        S         E         I           R
#> 1    0.0 980.0000  10.00000  10.00000   0.0000000
#> 2    0.1 979.7046  10.09449  10.10044   0.1005019
#> 3    0.2 979.4063  10.18995  10.20178   0.2020127
#> 4    0.3 979.1051  10.28639  10.30401   0.3045409
#> 5    0.4 978.8009  10.38382  10.40715   0.4080959
#> 6    0.5 978.4939  10.48223  10.51122   0.5126870
#> 7    0.6 978.1838  10.58164  10.61622   0.6183234
#> 8    0.7 977.8708  10.68205  10.72217   0.7250146
#> 9    0.8 977.5547  10.78345  10.82906   0.8327699
#> 10   0.9 977.2356  10.88587  10.93693   0.9415991
#> 11   1.0 976.9134  10.98930  11.04576   1.0515117
#> 12   1.1 976.5882  11.09374  11.15559   1.1625176
#> 13   1.2 976.2598  11.19921  11.26641   1.2746268
#> 14   1.3 975.9282  11.30571  11.37823   1.3878491
#> 15   1.4 975.5935  11.41325  11.49107   1.5021948
#> 16   1.5 975.2556  11.52182  11.60494   1.6176740
#> 17   1.6 974.9144  11.63144  11.71985   1.7342971
#> 18   1.7 974.5700  11.74212  11.83581   1.8520745
#> 19   1.8 974.2223  11.85385  11.95282   1.9710168
#> 20   1.9 973.8713  11.96665  12.07091   2.0911345
#> 21   2.0 973.5170  12.08052  12.19007   2.2124385
#> 22   2.1 973.1593  12.19546  12.31033   2.3349396
#> 23   2.2 972.7982  12.31150  12.43169   2.4586488
#> 24   2.3 972.4336  12.42862  12.55416   2.5835771
#> 25   2.4 972.0657  12.54684  12.67775   2.7097358
#> 26   2.5 971.6942  12.66616  12.80248   2.8371360
#> 27   2.6 971.3193  12.78660  12.92836   2.9657892
#> 28   2.7 970.9408  12.90816  13.05538   3.0957070
#> 29   2.8 970.5587  13.03084  13.18358   3.2269008
#> 30   2.9 970.1730  13.15465  13.31295   3.3593824
#> 31   3.0 969.7837  13.27961  13.44351   3.4931637
#> 32   3.1 969.3908  13.40571  13.57527   3.6282566
#> 33   3.2 968.9941  13.53296  13.70823   3.7646731
#> 34   3.3 968.5938  13.66138  13.84242   3.9024254
#> 35   3.4 968.1897  13.79097  13.97785   4.0415257
#> 36   3.5 967.7818  13.92174  14.11451   4.1819864
#> 37   3.6 967.3701  14.05369  14.25243   4.3238201
#> 38   3.7 966.9545  14.18684  14.39161   4.4670392
#> 39   3.8 966.5351  14.32118  14.53207   4.6116566
#> 40   3.9 966.1118  14.45674  14.67382   4.7576850
#> 41   4.0 965.6845  14.59351  14.81687   4.9051373
#> 42   4.1 965.2532  14.73150  14.96123   5.0540267
#> 43   4.2 964.8180  14.87073  15.10691   5.2043663
#> 44   4.3 964.3787  15.01120  15.25392   5.3561694
#> 45   4.4 963.9353  15.15292  15.40228   5.5094493
#> 46   4.5 963.4879  15.29590  15.55200   5.6642195
#> 47   4.6 963.0363  15.44014  15.70308   5.8204938
#> 48   4.7 962.5805  15.58565  15.85555   5.9782858
#> 49   4.8 962.1205  15.73245  16.00940   6.1376094
#> 50   4.9 961.6563  15.88054  16.16466   6.2984785
#> 51   5.0 961.1878  16.02992  16.32133   6.4609073
#> 52   5.1 960.7150  16.18061  16.47943   6.6249100
#> 53   5.2 960.2379  16.33262  16.63897   6.7905008
#> 54   5.3 959.7564  16.48595  16.79996   6.9576943
#> 55   5.4 959.2705  16.64062  16.96242   7.1265049
#> 56   5.5 958.7801  16.79663  17.12634   7.2969475
#> 57   5.6 958.2852  16.95398  17.29176   7.4690368
#> 58   5.7 957.7858  17.11270  17.45867   7.6427877
#> 59   5.8 957.2819  17.27278  17.62710   7.8182153
#> 60   5.9 956.7734  17.43423  17.79705   7.9953347
#> 61   6.0 956.2602  17.59707  17.96853   8.1741613
#> 62   6.1 955.7424  17.76131  18.14156   8.3547105
#> 63   6.2 955.2199  17.92694  18.31616   8.5369978
#> 64   6.3 954.6926  18.09399  18.49232   8.7210388
#> 65   6.4 954.1606  18.26246  18.67007   8.9068495
#> 66   6.5 953.6238  18.43235  18.84942   9.0944456
#> 67   6.6 953.0821  18.60368  19.03038   9.2838433
#> 68   6.7 952.5355  18.77646  19.21297   9.4750587
#> 69   6.8 951.9840  18.95069  19.39719   9.6681080
#> 70   6.9 951.4276  19.12638  19.58305   9.8630079
#> 71   7.0 950.8661  19.30355  19.77058  10.0597747
#> 72   7.1 950.2996  19.48219  19.95979  10.2584251
#> 73   7.2 949.7280  19.66233  20.15068  10.4589761
#> 74   7.3 949.1513  19.84396  20.34327  10.6614444
#> 75   7.4 948.5695  20.02710  20.53758  10.8658472
#> 76   7.5 947.9824  20.21176  20.73361  11.0722017
#> 77   7.6 947.3902  20.39794  20.93138  11.2805252
#> 78   7.7 946.7926  20.58566  21.13090  11.4908351
#> 79   7.8 946.1897  20.77491  21.33219  11.7031492
#> 80   7.9 945.5815  20.96572  21.53526  11.9174849
#> 81   8.0 944.9679  21.15809  21.74012  12.1338603
#> 82   8.1 944.3489  21.35202  21.94679  12.3522934
#> 83   8.2 943.7244  21.54754  22.15527  12.5728021
#> 84   8.3 943.0944  21.74463  22.36559  12.7954049
#> 85   8.4 942.4588  21.94332  22.57775  13.0201200
#> 86   8.5 941.8176  22.14362  22.79177  13.2469661
#> 87   8.6 941.1709  22.34552  23.00766  13.4759616
#> 88   8.7 940.5184  22.54905  23.22544  13.7071256
#> 89   8.8 939.8602  22.75420  23.44512  13.9404768
#> 90   8.9 939.1963  22.96099  23.66671  14.1760344
#> 91   9.0 938.5265  23.16943  23.89023  14.4138175
#> 92   9.1 937.8510  23.37951  24.11569  14.6538454
#> 93   9.2 937.1695  23.59126  24.34310  14.8961378
#> 94   9.3 936.4821  23.80468  24.57248  15.1407140
#> 95   9.4 935.7888  24.01978  24.80384  15.3875940
#> 96   9.5 935.0894  24.23656  25.03720  15.6367976
#> 97   9.6 934.3840  24.45504  25.27257  15.8883447
#> 98   9.7 933.6726  24.67522  25.50996  16.1422556
#> 99   9.8 932.9550  24.89711  25.74938  16.3985506
#> 100  9.9 932.2312  25.12072  25.99086  16.6572501
#> 101 10.0 931.5012  25.34606  26.23440  16.9183746
#> 102 10.1 930.7649  25.57312  26.48002  17.1819450
#> 103 10.2 930.0224  25.80193  26.72773  17.4479819
#> 104 10.3 929.2735  26.03249  26.97754  17.7165065
#> 105 10.4 928.5182  26.26481  27.22948  17.9875399
#> 106 10.5 927.7565  26.49889  27.48355  18.2611033
#> 107 10.6 926.9883  26.73474  27.73977  18.5372181
#> 108 10.7 926.2136  26.97237  27.99815  18.8159059
#> 109 10.8 925.4323  27.21178  28.25871  19.0971883
#> 110 10.9 924.6445  27.45299  28.52145  19.3810873
#> 111 11.0 923.8500  27.69600  28.78640  19.6676247
#> 112 11.1 923.0488  27.94081  29.05357  19.9568227
#> 113 11.2 922.2409  28.18744  29.32297  20.2487035
#> 114 11.3 921.4262  28.43588  29.59461  20.5432895
#> 115 11.4 920.6047  28.68616  29.86851  20.8406032
#> 116 11.5 919.7764  28.93827  30.14469  21.1406674
#> 117 11.6 918.9411  29.19221  30.42316  21.4435047
#> 118 11.7 918.0989  29.44801  30.70392  21.7491382
#> 119 11.8 917.2498  29.70565  30.98700  22.0575908
#> 120 11.9 916.3936  29.96515  31.27241  22.3688860
#> 121 12.0 915.5303  30.22651  31.56016  22.6830469
#> 122 12.1 914.6599  30.48975  31.85027  23.0000971
#> 123 12.2 913.7823  30.75486  32.14275  23.3200603
#> 124 12.3 912.8976  31.02184  32.43762  23.6429601
#> 125 12.4 912.0056  31.29072  32.73488  23.9688206
#> 126 12.5 911.1063  31.56148  33.03455  24.2976658
#> 127 12.6 910.1997  31.83414  33.33665  24.6295198
#> 128 12.7 909.2857  32.10870  33.64119  24.9644069
#> 129 12.8 908.3643  32.38516  33.94818  25.3023518
#> 130 12.9 907.4355  32.66353  34.25764  25.6433788
#> 131 13.0 906.4991  32.94382  34.56957  25.9875128
#> 132 13.1 905.5552  33.22602  34.88400  26.3347786
#> 133 13.2 904.6037  33.51014  35.20094  26.6852012
#> 134 13.3 903.6446  33.79619  35.52039  27.0388058
#> 135 13.4 902.6778  34.08416  35.84238  27.3956175
#> 136 13.5 901.7034  34.37407  36.16692  27.7556619
#> 137 13.6 900.7211  34.66591  36.49401  28.1189644
#> 138 13.7 899.7311  34.95969  36.82368  28.4855507
#> 139 13.8 898.7332  35.25541  37.15593  28.8554466
#> 140 13.9 897.7275  35.55307  37.49078  29.2286780
#> 141 14.0 896.7138  35.85268  37.82824  29.6052709
#> 142 14.1 895.6922  36.15423  38.16833  29.9852516
#> 143 14.2 894.6626  36.45773  38.51105  30.3686463
#> 144 14.3 893.6249  36.76319  38.85642  30.7554814
#> 145 14.4 892.5792  37.07059  39.20445  31.1457835
#> 146 14.5 891.5253  37.37995  39.55516  31.5395793
#> 147 14.6 890.4633  37.69126  39.90855  31.9368956
#> 148 14.7 889.3931  38.00452  40.26464  32.3377594
#> 149 14.8 888.3146  38.31974  40.62344  32.7421975
#> 150 14.9 887.2279  38.63692  40.98497  33.1502373
#> 151 15.0 886.1328  38.95605  41.34922  33.5619059
#> 152 15.1 885.0294  39.27713  41.71623  33.9772309
#> 153 15.2 883.9176  39.60017  42.08599  34.3962397
#> 154 15.3 882.7974  39.92515  42.45852  34.8189599
#> 155 15.4 881.6687  40.25209  42.83383  35.2454193
#> 156 15.5 880.5314  40.58098  43.21193  35.6756458
#> 157 15.6 879.3857  40.91182  43.59283  36.1096672
#> 158 15.7 878.2313  41.24461  43.97655  36.5475118
#> 159 15.8 877.0684  41.57933  44.36309  36.9892076
#> 160 15.9 875.8968  41.91600  44.75246  37.4347830
#> 161 16.0 874.7164  42.25460  45.14468  37.8842664
#> 162 16.1 873.5274  42.59514  45.53976  38.3376862
#> 163 16.2 872.3296  42.93761  45.93770  38.7950711
#> 164 16.3 871.1230  43.28200  46.33851  39.2564497
#> 165 16.4 869.9076  43.62832  46.74221  39.7218509
#> 166 16.5 868.6833  43.97655  47.14880  40.1913036
#> 167 16.6 867.4502  44.32670  47.55830  40.6648367
#> 168 16.7 866.2081  44.67875  47.97071  41.1424793
#> 169 16.8 864.9570  45.03270  48.38604  41.6242606
#> 170 16.9 863.6969  45.38855  48.80430  42.1102098
#> 171 17.0 862.4279  45.74629  49.22550  42.6003564
#> 172 17.1 861.1497  46.10590  49.64964  43.0947296
#> 173 17.2 859.8625  46.46740  50.07674  43.5933591
#> 174 17.3 858.5662  46.83075  50.50681  44.0962743
#> 175 17.4 857.2607  47.19597  50.93984  44.6035051
#> 176 17.5 855.9460  47.56304  51.37585  45.1150811
#> 177 17.6 854.6222  47.93194  51.81485  45.6310321
#> 178 17.7 853.2891  48.30268  52.25683  46.1513880
#> 179 17.8 851.9468  48.67524  52.70182  46.6761787
#> 180 17.9 850.5951  49.04962  53.14981  47.2054344
#> 181 18.0 849.2342  49.42579  53.60081  47.7391850
#> 182 18.1 847.8640  49.80376  54.05483  48.2774606
#> 183 18.2 846.4843  50.18351  54.51187  48.8202916
#> 184 18.3 845.0953  50.56502  54.97193  49.3677080
#> 185 18.4 843.6969  50.94829  55.43503  49.9197403
#> 186 18.5 842.2891  51.33331  55.90116  50.4764187
#> 187 18.6 840.8718  51.72005  56.37034  51.0377737
#> 188 18.7 839.4451  52.10852  56.84256  51.6038357
#> 189 18.8 838.0089  52.49868  57.31783  52.1746351
#> 190 18.9 836.5631  52.89053  57.79615  52.7502024
#> 191 19.0 835.1078  53.28406  58.27753  53.3305683
#> 192 19.1 833.6430  53.67925  58.76196  53.9157632
#> 193 19.2 832.1686  54.07608  59.24946  54.5058178
#> 194 19.3 830.6847  54.47453  59.74002  55.1007627
#> 195 19.4 829.1911  54.87460  60.23364  55.7006284
#> 196 19.5 827.6880  55.27625  60.73033  56.3054457
#> 197 19.6 826.1752  55.67949  61.23009  56.9152452
#> 198 19.7 824.6528  56.08428  61.73291  57.5300577
#> 199 19.8 823.1207  56.49060  62.23880  58.1499136
#> 200 19.9 821.5790  56.89845  62.74776  58.7748439
#> 201 20.0 820.0275  57.30779  63.25978  59.4048790
#> 202 20.1 818.4665  57.71861  63.77487  60.0400497
#> 203 20.2 816.8957  58.13090  64.29303  60.6803867
#> 204 20.3 815.3152  58.54461  64.81425  61.3259205
#> 205 20.4 813.7250  58.95975  65.33853  61.9766818
#> 206 20.5 812.1252  59.37627  65.86587  62.6327012
#> 207 20.6 810.5156  59.79417  66.39626  63.2940093
#> 208 20.7 808.8962  60.21341  66.92971  63.9606366
#> 209 20.8 807.2672  60.63397  67.46620  64.6326136
#> 210 20.9 805.6285  61.05584  68.00574  65.3099707
#> 211 21.0 803.9800  61.47897  68.54832  65.9927385
#> 212 21.1 802.3218  61.90336  69.09393  66.6809472
#> 213 21.2 800.6538  62.32896  69.64257  67.3746272
#> 214 21.3 798.9762  62.75577  70.19424  68.0738087
#> 215 21.4 797.2888  63.18374  70.74891  68.7785219
#> 216 21.5 795.5918  63.61285  71.30660  69.4887970
#> 217 21.6 793.8850  64.04307  71.86729  70.2046640
#> 218 21.7 792.1685  64.47438  72.43098  70.9261529
#> 219 21.8 790.4423  64.90674  72.99765  71.6532935
#> 220 21.9 788.7065  65.34012  73.56729  72.3861157
#> 221 22.0 786.9609  65.77450  74.13990  73.1246492
#> 222 22.1 785.2058  66.20984  74.71547  73.8689236
#> 223 22.2 783.4409  66.64612  75.29398  74.6189685
#> 224 22.3 781.6665  67.08329  75.87543  75.3748131
#> 225 22.4 779.8824  67.52133  76.45980  76.1364868
#> 226 22.5 778.0887  67.96021  77.04708  76.9040188
#> 227 22.6 776.2854  68.39988  77.63726  77.6774382
#> 228 22.7 774.4726  68.84032  78.23033  78.4567738
#> 229 22.8 772.6502  69.28149  78.82627  79.2420543
#> 230 22.9 770.8183  69.72336  79.42506  80.0333086
#> 231 23.0 768.9769  70.16588  80.02669  80.8305650
#> 232 23.1 767.1260  70.60903  80.63116  81.6338519
#> 233 23.2 765.2656  71.05276  81.23843  82.4431975
#> 234 23.3 763.3958  71.49704  81.84849  83.2586297
#> 235 23.4 761.5167  71.94184  82.46133  84.0801766
#> 236 23.5 759.6281  72.38710  83.07693  84.9078656
#> 237 23.6 757.7302  72.83279  83.69527  85.7417243
#> 238 23.7 755.8230  73.27888  84.31633  86.5817801
#> 239 23.8 753.9065  73.72532  84.94009  87.4280600
#> 240 23.9 751.9808  74.17207  85.56654  88.2805909
#> 241 24.0 750.0459  74.61909  86.19564  89.1393996
#> 242 24.1 748.1018  75.06633  86.82738  90.0045125
#> 243 24.2 746.1485  75.51376  87.46174  90.8759559
#> 244 24.3 744.1862  75.96133  88.09869  91.7537559
#> 245 24.4 742.2149  76.40900  88.73821  92.6379382
#> 246 24.5 740.2345  76.85673  89.38028  93.5285285
#> 247 24.6 738.2451  77.30446  90.02486  94.4255521
#> 248 24.7 736.2469  77.75216  90.67195  95.3290341
#> 249 24.8 734.2397  78.19977  91.32150  96.2389993
#> 250 24.9 732.2238  78.64726  91.97350  97.1554723
#> 251 25.0 730.1990  79.09458  92.62791  98.0784774
#> 252 25.1 728.1656  79.54167  93.28472  99.0080385
#> 253 25.2 726.1234  79.98850  93.94388  99.9441795
#> 254 25.3 724.0727  80.43501  94.60537 100.8869238
#> 255 25.4 722.0134  80.88115  95.26916 101.8362946
#> 256 25.5 719.9456  81.32688  95.93522 102.7923146
#> 257 25.6 717.8693  81.77215  96.60352 103.7550064
#> 258 25.7 715.7847  82.21690  97.27403 104.7243923
#> 259 25.8 713.6917  82.66109  97.94670 105.7004942
#> 260 25.9 711.5905  83.10467  98.62152 106.6833336
#> 261 26.0 709.4810  83.54758  99.29845 107.6729317
#> 262 26.1 707.3635  83.98977  99.97745 108.6693095
#> 263 26.2 705.2378  84.43119 100.65848 109.6724874
#> 264 26.3 703.1042  84.87179 101.34151 110.6824857
#> 265 26.4 700.9626  85.31152 102.02651 111.6993242
#> 266 26.5 698.8132  85.75032 102.71343 112.7230223
#> 267 26.6 696.6560  86.18814 103.40224 113.7535991
#> 268 26.7 694.4911  86.62493 104.09290 114.7910732
#> 269 26.8 692.3186  87.06062 104.78537 115.8354631
#> 270 26.9 690.1384  87.49517 105.47960 116.8867865
#> 271 27.0 687.9508  87.92853 106.17557 117.9450609
#> 272 27.1 685.7559  88.36063 106.87322 119.0103034
#> 273 27.2 683.5535  88.79142 107.57251 120.0825307
#> 274 27.3 681.3440  89.22085 108.27341 121.1617590
#> 275 27.4 679.1273  89.64885 108.97586 122.2480041
#> 276 27.5 676.9035  90.07538 109.67983 123.3412813
#> 277 27.6 674.6727  90.50038 110.38527 124.4416056
#> 278 27.7 672.4351  90.92378 111.09213 125.5489914
#> 279 27.8 670.1906  91.34554 111.80036 126.6634527
#> 280 27.9 667.9395  91.76560 112.50993 127.7850031
#> 281 28.0 665.6817  92.18389 113.22077 128.9136555
#> 282 28.1 663.4174  92.60036 113.93285 130.0494226
#> 283 28.2 661.1466  93.01496 114.64611 131.1923164
#> 284 28.3 658.8695  93.42762 115.36051 132.3423486
#> 285 28.4 656.5862  93.83828 116.07599 133.4995302
#> 286 28.5 654.2967  94.24690 116.79250 134.6638718
#> 287 28.6 652.0012  94.65341 117.51000 135.8353835
#> 288 28.7 649.6998  95.05774 118.22842 137.0140749
#> 289 28.8 647.3925  95.45986 118.94772 138.1999549
#> 290 28.9 645.0794  95.85968 119.66784 139.3930321
#> 291 29.0 642.7608  96.25716 120.38873 140.5933143
#> 292 29.1 640.4366  96.65225 121.11034 141.8008091
#> 293 29.2 638.1070  97.04487 121.83260 143.0155233
#> 294 29.3 635.7721  97.43497 122.55546 144.2374631
#> 295 29.4 633.4320  97.82249 123.27887 145.4666343
#> 296 29.5 631.0868  98.20737 124.00276 146.7030421
#> 297 29.6 628.7367  98.58956 124.72709 147.9466910
#> 298 29.7 626.3816  98.96900 125.45178 149.1975851
#> 299 29.8 624.0219  99.34563 126.17679 150.4557277
#> 300 29.9 621.6574  99.71938 126.90205 151.7211218
#> 301 30.0 619.2885 100.09021 127.62751 152.9937695
#> 302 30.1 616.9152 100.45805 128.35309 154.2736724
#> 303 30.2 614.5376 100.82284 129.07875 155.5608315
#> 304 30.3 612.1558 101.18454 129.80441 156.8552473
#> 305 30.4 609.7700 101.54308 130.53002 158.1569195
#> 306 30.5 607.3802 101.89839 131.25551 159.4658473
#> 307 30.6 604.9867 102.25044 131.98082 160.7820292
#> 308 30.7 602.5895 102.59916 132.70589 162.1054630
#> 309 30.8 600.1887 102.94449 133.43065 163.4361460
#> 310 30.9 597.7845 103.28637 134.15504 164.7740748
#> 311 31.0 595.3770 103.62476 134.87898 166.1192452
#> 312 31.1 592.9663 103.95960 135.60242 167.4716527
#> 313 31.2 590.5526 104.29082 136.32530 168.8312918
#> 314 31.3 588.1359 104.61838 137.04753 170.1981565
#> 315 31.4 585.7165 104.94222 137.76906 171.5722401
#> 316 31.5 583.2944 105.26229 138.48981 172.9535351
#> 317 31.6 580.8697 105.57853 139.20973 174.3420336
#> 318 31.7 578.4426 105.89089 139.92874 175.7377267
#> 319 31.8 576.0133 106.19932 140.64677 177.1406051
#> 320 31.9 573.5818 106.50377 141.36375 178.5506586
#> 321 32.0 571.1483 106.80418 142.07962 179.9678764
#> 322 32.1 568.7130 107.10050 142.79430 181.3922471
#> 323 32.2 566.2758 107.39268 143.50773 182.8237583
#> 324 32.3 563.8371 107.68067 144.21983 184.2623973
#> 325 32.4 561.3969 107.96442 144.93054 185.7081503
#> 326 32.5 558.9553 108.24389 145.63978 187.1610031
#> 327 32.6 556.5126 108.51902 146.34747 188.6209407
#> 328 32.7 554.0687 108.78977 147.05356 190.0879473
#> 329 32.8 551.6239 109.05608 147.75797 191.5620064
#> 330 32.9 549.1784 109.31792 148.46062 193.0431008
#> 331 33.0 546.7321 109.57523 149.16145 194.5312127
#> 332 33.1 544.2853 109.82797 149.86038 196.0263235
#> 333 33.2 541.8381 110.07610 150.55734 197.5284137
#> 334 33.3 539.3907 110.31958 151.25225 199.0374634
#> 335 33.4 536.9431 110.55835 151.94505 200.5534517
#> 336 33.5 534.4956 110.79238 152.63566 202.0763571
#> 337 33.6 532.0482 111.02163 153.32401 203.6061574
#> 338 33.7 529.6011 111.24605 154.01002 205.1428295
#> 339 33.8 527.1544 111.46560 154.69363 206.6863498
#> 340 33.9 524.7083 111.68026 155.37475 208.2366938
#> 341 34.0 522.2629 111.88997 156.05332 209.7938362
#> 342 34.1 519.8183 112.09470 156.72926 211.3577513
#> 343 34.2 517.3747 112.29441 157.40249 212.9284124
#> 344 34.3 514.9322 112.48907 158.07296 214.5057920
#> 345 34.4 512.4909 112.67865 158.74057 216.0898620
#> 346 34.5 510.0510 112.86310 159.40527 217.6805937
#> 347 34.6 507.6127 113.04240 160.06697 219.2779574
#> 348 34.7 505.1760 113.21652 160.72560 220.8819229
#> 349 34.8 502.7410 113.38541 161.38109 222.4924590
#> 350 34.9 500.3080 113.54906 162.03337 224.1095340
#> 351 35.0 497.8771 113.70744 162.68236 225.7331155
#> 352 35.1 495.4483 113.86051 163.32800 227.3631701
#> 353 35.2 493.0219 114.00824 163.97020 228.9996640
#> 354 35.3 490.5979 114.15062 164.60890 230.6425624
#> 355 35.4 488.1765 114.28762 165.24402 232.2918300
#> 356 35.5 485.7579 114.41920 165.87550 233.9474307
#> 357 35.6 483.3421 114.54536 166.50326 235.6093276
#> 358 35.7 480.9292 114.66606 167.12723 237.2774832
#> 359 35.8 478.5195 114.78129 167.74733 238.9518593
#> 360 35.9 476.1130 114.89103 168.36351 240.6324168
#> 361 36.0 473.7100 114.99525 168.97568 242.3191161
#> 362 36.1 471.3104 115.09394 169.58378 244.0119168
#> 363 36.2 468.9144 115.18708 170.18774 245.7107778
#> 364 36.3 466.5222 115.27466 170.78749 247.4156575
#> 365 36.4 464.1339 115.35666 171.38295 249.1265133
#> 366 36.5 461.7496 115.43307 171.97407 250.8433020
#> 367 36.6 459.3694 115.50387 172.56077 252.5659800
#> 368 36.7 456.9935 115.56906 173.14299 254.2945025
#> 369 36.8 454.6219 115.62862 173.72065 256.0288245
#> 370 36.9 452.2549 115.68254 174.29370 257.7689001
#> 371 37.0 449.8924 115.73082 174.86206 259.5146828
#> 372 37.1 447.5348 115.77345 175.42567 261.2661254
#> 373 37.2 445.1819 115.81043 175.98446 263.0231801
#> 374 37.3 442.8341 115.84174 176.53837 264.7857984
#> 375 37.4 440.4913 115.86739 177.08734 266.5539311
#> 376 37.5 438.1538 115.88737 177.63130 268.3275285
#> 377 37.6 435.8216 115.90169 178.17019 270.1065402
#> 378 37.7 433.4948 115.91033 178.70394 271.8909152
#> 379 37.8 431.1736 115.91331 179.23250 273.6806017
#> 380 37.9 428.8580 115.91062 179.75581 275.4755477
#> 381 38.0 426.5482 115.90227 180.27379 277.2757001
#> 382 38.1 424.2443 115.88826 180.78640 279.0810056
#> 383 38.2 421.9464 115.86859 181.29357 280.8914100
#> 384 38.3 419.6546 115.84329 181.79525 282.7068588
#> 385 38.4 417.3690 115.81234 182.29138 284.5272966
#> 386 38.5 415.0897 115.77576 182.78190 286.3526677
#> 387 38.6 412.8168 115.73356 183.26676 288.1829157
#> 388 38.7 410.5504 115.68576 183.74589 290.0179837
#> 389 38.8 408.2906 115.63236 184.21925 291.8578143
#> 390 38.9 406.0375 115.57337 184.68678 293.7023493
#> 391 39.0 403.7912 115.50881 185.14843 295.5515303
#> 392 39.1 401.5519 115.43870 185.60415 297.4052981
#> 393 39.2 399.3195 115.36305 186.05388 299.2635933
#> 394 39.3 397.0942 115.28188 186.49758 301.1263556
#> 395 39.4 394.8761 115.19521 186.93519 302.9935245
#> 396 39.5 392.6652 115.10305 187.36666 304.8650389
#> 397 39.6 390.4618 115.00543 187.79196 306.7408372
#> 398 39.7 388.2657 114.90238 188.21103 308.6208573
#> 399 39.8 386.0772 114.79390 188.62382 310.5050368
#> 400 39.9 383.8964 114.68003 189.03029 312.3933126
#> 401 40.0 381.7232 114.56079 189.43040 314.2856214
#> 402 40.1 379.5578 114.43621 189.82410 316.1818993
#> 403 40.2 377.4003 114.30630 190.21135 318.0820819
#> 404 40.3 375.2507 114.17111 190.59211 319.9861047
#> 405 40.4 373.1091 114.03066 190.96634 321.8939024
#> 406 40.5 370.9756 113.88497 191.33400 323.8054096
#> 407 40.6 368.8503 113.73408 191.69505 325.7205603
#> 408 40.7 366.7332 113.57803 192.04945 327.6392884
#> 409 40.8 364.6245 113.41683 192.39717 329.5615270
#> 410 40.9 362.5241 113.25053 192.73817 331.4872093
#> 411 41.0 360.4322 113.07915 193.07241 333.4162679
#> 412 41.1 358.3487 112.90274 193.39987 335.3486350
#> 413 41.2 356.2739 112.72133 193.72052 337.2842426
#> 414 41.3 354.2077 112.53496 194.03431 339.2230225
#> 415 41.4 352.1502 112.34365 194.34122 341.1649058
#> 416 41.5 350.1015 112.14746 194.64122 343.1098238
#> 417 41.6 348.0616 111.94642 194.93428 345.0577071
#> 418 41.7 346.0306 111.74057 195.22038 347.0084862
#> 419 41.8 344.0085 111.52994 195.49949 348.9620914
#> 420 41.9 341.9954 111.31459 195.77158 350.9184526
#> 421 42.0 339.9913 111.09455 196.03663 352.8774996
#> 422 42.1 337.9963 110.86987 196.29462 354.8391617
#> 423 42.2 336.0105 110.64058 196.54553 356.8033684
#> 424 42.3 334.0339 110.40674 196.78933 358.7700486
#> 425 42.4 332.0665 110.16839 197.02601 360.7391312
#> 426 42.5 330.1084 109.92557 197.25554 362.7105449
#> 427 42.6 328.1595 109.67832 197.47791 364.6842181
#> 428 42.7 326.2201 109.42670 197.69311 366.6600792
#> 429 42.8 324.2901 109.17076 197.90111 368.6380563
#> 430 42.9 322.3695 108.91053 198.10191 370.6180775
#> 431 43.0 320.4584 108.64607 198.29549 372.6000705
#> 432 43.1 318.5568 108.37743 198.48184 374.5839632
#> 433 43.2 316.6647 108.10466 198.66095 376.5696832
#> 434 43.3 314.7822 107.82780 198.83281 378.5571580
#> 435 43.4 312.9094 107.54690 198.99740 380.5463151
#> 436 43.5 311.0462 107.26203 199.15473 382.5370818
#> 437 43.6 309.1926 106.97322 199.30479 384.5293855
#> 438 43.7 307.3488 106.68053 199.44756 386.5231533
#> 439 43.8 305.5146 106.38401 199.58305 388.5183124
#> 440 43.9 303.6902 106.08372 199.71126 390.5147901
#> 441 44.0 301.8756 105.77970 199.83218 392.5125133
#> 442 44.1 300.0708 105.47202 199.94581 394.5114093
#> 443 44.2 298.2757 105.16071 200.05214 396.5114051
#> 444 44.3 296.4905 104.84585 200.15119 398.5124279
#> 445 44.4 294.7152 104.52747 200.24295 400.5144047
#> 446 44.5 292.9497 104.20565 200.32743 402.5172627
#> 447 44.6 291.1940 103.88042 200.40463 404.5209291
#> 448 44.7 289.4483 103.55184 200.47456 406.5253311
#> 449 44.8 287.7124 103.21998 200.53722 408.5303960
#> 450 44.9 285.9864 102.88489 200.59262 410.5360512
#> 451 45.0 284.2704 102.54661 200.64076 412.5422242
#> 452 45.1 282.5643 102.20521 200.68167 414.5488424
#> 453 45.2 280.8681 101.86075 200.71534 416.5558334
#> 454 45.3 279.1818 101.51328 200.74180 418.5631251
#> 455 45.4 277.5055 101.16285 200.76104 420.5706453
#> 456 45.5 275.8391 100.80952 200.77309 422.5783220
#> 457 45.6 274.1826 100.45335 200.77797 424.5860833
#> 458 45.7 272.5361 100.09439 200.77567 426.5938574
#> 459 45.8 270.8995  99.73271 200.76623 428.6015729
#> 460 45.9 269.2728  99.36835 200.74966 430.6091583
#> 461 46.0 267.6561  99.00138 200.72598 432.6165425
#> 462 46.1 266.0493  98.63185 200.69521 434.6236543
#> 463 46.2 264.4524  98.25981 200.65736 436.6304230
#> 464 46.3 262.8654  97.88533 200.61246 438.6367779
#> 465 46.4 261.2884  97.50846 200.56053 440.6426487
#> 466 46.5 259.7212  97.12926 200.50159 442.6479651
#> 467 46.6 258.1639  96.74778 200.43568 444.6526573
#> 468 46.7 256.6165  96.36408 200.36280 446.6566554
#> 469 46.8 255.0789  95.97822 200.28299 448.6598902
#> 470 46.9 253.5512  95.59025 200.19628 450.6622923
#> 471 47.0 252.0333  95.20023 200.10269 452.6637928
#> 472 47.1 250.5252  94.80821 200.00224 454.6643231
#> 473 47.2 249.0270  94.41426 199.89498 456.6638149
#> 474 47.3 247.5385  94.01841 199.78092 458.6622000
#> 475 47.4 246.0597  93.62075 199.66011 460.6594108
#> 476 47.5 244.5908  93.22130 199.53256 462.6553798
#> 477 47.6 243.1315  92.82014 199.39832 464.6500397
#> 478 47.7 241.6819  92.41732 199.25741 466.6433239
#> 479 47.8 240.2421  92.01288 199.10987 468.6351659
#> 480 47.9 238.8119  91.60689 198.95574 470.6254994
#> 481 48.0 237.3913  91.19940 198.79505 472.6142588
#> 482 48.1 235.9803  90.79047 198.62783 474.6013786
#> 483 48.2 234.5789  90.38014 198.45412 476.5867938
#> 484 48.3 233.1871  89.96847 198.27396 478.5704395
#> 485 48.4 231.8048  89.55551 198.08739 480.5522517
#> 486 48.5 230.4321  89.14132 197.89445 482.5321662
#> 487 48.6 229.0688  88.72595 197.69517 484.5101195
#> 488 48.7 227.7149  88.30945 197.48960 486.4860486
#> 489 48.8 226.3705  87.89187 197.27777 488.4598907
#> 490 48.9 225.0354  87.47326 197.05973 490.4315833
#> 491 49.0 223.7097  87.05368 196.83552 492.4010647
#> 492 49.1 222.3934  86.63317 196.60518 494.3682733
#> 493 49.2 221.0863  86.21179 196.36876 496.3331481
#> 494 49.3 219.7885  85.78959 196.12629 498.2956283
#> 495 49.4 218.4999  85.36660 195.87783 500.2556539
#> 496 49.5 217.2205  84.94290 195.62342 502.2131651
#> 497 49.6 215.9503  84.51851 195.36309 504.1681026
#> 498 49.7 214.6892  84.09349 195.09691 506.1204074
#> 499 49.8 213.4372  83.66790 194.82491 508.0700214
#> 500 49.9 212.1942  83.24177 194.54714 510.0168864
#> 501 50.0 210.9603  82.81515 194.26365 511.9609452

# Open population with births and deaths
model_seir(
  init   = c(S = 980, E = 10, I = 10),
  params = c(beta = 0.3, alpha = 0.2, gamma = 0.1, b = 0.01, d = 0.01),
  times  = seq(0, 200, by = 1)
)
#>     time        S         E         I          R
#> 1      0 980.0000  10.00000  10.00000   0.000000
#> 2      1 977.1428  10.88028  10.93588   1.041048
#> 3      2 974.0397  11.84277  11.94887   2.168637
#> 4      3 970.6724  12.89081  13.04682   3.389968
#> 5      4 967.0209  14.02867  14.23748   4.712952
#> 6      5 963.0639  15.26124  15.52867   6.146189
#> 7      6 958.7788  16.59384  16.92836   7.698981
#> 8      7 954.1419  18.03206  18.44473   9.381340
#> 9      8 949.1282  19.58163  20.08618  11.204003
#> 10     9 943.7119  21.24829  21.86132  13.178447
#> 11    10 937.8665  23.03765  23.77895  15.316902
#> 12    11 931.5646  24.95508  25.84799  17.632357
#> 13    12 924.7785  27.00552  28.07741  20.138563
#> 14    13 917.4805  29.19333  30.47611  22.850026
#> 15    14 909.6430  31.52211  33.05286  25.781985
#> 16    15 901.2390  33.99451  35.81606  28.950384
#> 17    16 892.2425  36.61198  38.77367  32.371826
#> 18    17 882.6290  39.37454  41.93293  36.063504
#> 19    18 872.3761  42.28055  45.30018  40.043116
#> 20    19 861.4642  45.32645  48.88062  44.328764
#> 21    20 849.8767  48.50648  52.67801  48.938815
#> 22    21 837.6014  51.81246  56.69442  53.891750
#> 23    22 824.6306  55.23356  60.92987  59.205962
#> 24    23 810.9623  58.75609  65.38208  64.899559
#> 25    24 796.6004  62.36337  70.04612  70.990114
#> 26    25 781.5559  66.03563  74.91413  77.494391
#> 27    26 765.8470  69.75002  79.97500  84.428036
#> 28    27 749.4999  73.48068  85.21418  91.805288
#> 29    28 732.5490  77.19894  90.61346  99.638591
#> 30    29 715.0373  80.87364  96.15084 107.938265
#> 31    30 697.0158  84.47150 101.80050 116.712159
#> 32    31 678.5441  87.95776 107.53286 125.965284
#> 33    32 659.6890  91.29676 113.31474 135.699476
#> 34    33 640.5245  94.45276 119.10964 145.913083
#> 35    34 621.1304  97.39073 124.87815 156.600687
#> 36    35 601.5914 100.07725 130.57847 167.752882
#> 37    36 581.9954 102.48142 136.16706 179.356100
#> 38    37 562.4325 104.57568 141.59935 191.392520
#> 39    38 542.9927 106.33664 146.83061 203.840050
#> 40    39 523.7651 107.74573 151.81679 216.672391
#> 41    40 504.8356 108.78976 156.51541 229.859194
#> 42    41 486.2860 109.46125 160.88646 243.366302
#> 43    42 468.1921 109.75859 164.89328 257.156076
#> 44    43 450.6229 109.68605 168.50326 271.187800
#> 45    44 433.6398 109.25349 171.68854 285.418150
#> 46    45 417.2957 108.47601 174.42657 299.801721
#> 47    46 401.6347 107.37332 176.70043 314.291597
#> 48    47 386.6919 105.96910 178.49911 328.839935
#> 49    48 372.4937 104.29019 179.81755 343.398572
#> 50    49 359.0580 102.36581 180.65654 357.919611
#> 51    50 346.3949 100.22668 181.02247 372.355994
#> 52    51 334.5067  97.90428 180.92697 386.662031
#> 53    52 323.3896  95.43007 180.38645 400.793887
#> 54    53 313.0337  92.83480 179.42148 414.710008
#> 55    54 303.4243  90.14802 178.05623 428.371483
#> 56    55 294.5424  87.39753 176.31776 441.742346
#> 57    56 286.3657  84.60910 174.23542 454.789800
#> 58    57 278.8693  81.80615 171.84013 467.484376
#> 59    58 272.0265  79.00965 169.16380 479.800030
#> 60    59 265.8090  76.23804 166.23874 491.714180
#> 61    60 260.1879  73.50722 163.09716 503.207678
#> 62    61 255.1339  70.83064 159.77066 514.264748
#> 63    62 250.6178  68.21943 156.28989 524.872870
#> 64    63 246.6106  65.68254 152.68420 535.022634
#> 65    64 243.0842  63.22690 148.98137 544.707569
#> 66    65 240.0109  60.85768 145.20743 553.923949
#> 67    66 237.3645  58.57844 141.38653 562.670579
#> 68    67 235.1193  56.39133 137.54082 570.948581
#> 69    68 233.2511  54.29732 133.69046 578.761170
#> 70    69 231.7367  52.29635 129.85356 586.113434
#> 71    70 230.5541  50.38752 126.04627 593.012113
#> 72    71 229.6825  48.56925 122.28282 599.465395
#> 73    72 229.1023  46.83938 118.57558 605.482699
#> 74    73 228.7949  45.19536 114.93522 611.074501
#> 75    74 228.7428  43.63429 111.37073 616.252155
#> 76    75 228.9296  42.15305 107.88964 621.027718
#> 77    76 229.3398  40.74838 104.49806 625.413804
#> 78    77 229.9588  39.41694 101.20085 629.423448
#> 79    78 230.7729  38.15536  98.00172 633.069979
#> 80    79 231.7695  36.96027  94.90336 636.366912
#> 81    80 232.9362  35.82838  91.90754 639.327847
#> 82    81 234.2619  34.75645  89.01525 641.966386
#> 83    82 235.7358  33.74137  86.22675 644.296059
#> 84    83 237.3479  32.78013  83.54171 646.330251
#> 85    84 239.0887  31.86985  80.95926 648.082158
#> 86    85 240.9494  31.00777  78.47811 649.564735
#> 87    86 242.9215  30.19129  76.09657 650.790662
#> 88    87 244.9971  29.41792  73.81267 651.772306
#> 89    88 247.1688  28.68534  71.62417 652.521705
#> 90    89 249.4295  27.99132  69.52865 653.050541
#> 91    90 251.7725  27.33381  67.52352 653.370134
#> 92    91 254.1917  26.71084  65.60609 653.491427
#> 93    92 256.6809  26.12058  63.77358 653.424980
#> 94    93 259.2345  25.56131  62.02318 653.180972
#> 95    94 261.8473  25.03144  60.35206 652.769199
#> 96    95 264.5141  24.52944  58.75736 652.199075
#> 97    96 267.2302  24.05391  57.23628 651.479641
#> 98    97 269.9909  23.60353  55.78602 650.619568
#> 99    98 272.7919  23.17706  54.40386 649.627165
#> 100   99 275.6291  22.77335  53.08712 648.510392
#> 101  100 278.4986  22.39132  51.83318 647.276864
#> 102  101 281.3967  22.02995  50.63951 645.933864
#> 103  102 284.3197  21.68831  49.50366 644.488358
#> 104  103 287.2643  21.36550  48.42325 642.946998
#> 105  104 290.2272  21.06069  47.39600 641.316139
#> 106  105 293.2053  20.77312  46.41969 639.601851
#> 107  106 296.1958  20.50205  45.49222 637.809927
#> 108  107 299.1957  20.24680  44.61156 635.945898
#> 109  108 302.2025  20.00674  43.77577 634.015040
#> 110  109 305.2134  19.78126  42.98298 632.022391
#> 111  110 308.2260  19.56982  42.23144 629.972754
#> 112  111 311.2380  19.37187  41.51944 627.870717
#> 113  112 314.2470  19.18693  40.84538 625.720654
#> 114  113 317.2510  19.01453  40.20773 623.526741
#> 115  114 320.2478  18.85425  39.60502 621.292963
#> 116  115 323.2353  18.70567  39.03588 619.023125
#> 117  116 326.2118  18.56841  38.49897 616.720859
#> 118  117 329.1752  18.44211  37.99306 614.389632
#> 119  118 332.1238  18.32644  37.51696 612.032757
#> 120  119 335.0560  18.22107  37.06954 609.653399
#> 121  120 337.9700  18.12571  36.64974 607.254582
#> 122  121 340.8642  18.04009  36.25656 604.839198
#> 123  122 343.7370  17.96393  35.88903 602.410011
#> 124  123 346.5871  17.89699  35.54625 599.969665
#> 125  124 349.4129  17.83904  35.22737 597.520693
#> 126  125 352.2130  17.78986  34.93158 595.065519
#> 127  126 354.9862  17.74925  34.65812 592.606456
#> 128  127 357.7310  17.71701  34.40626 590.145734
#> 129  128 360.4462  17.69296  34.17533 587.685483
#> 130  129 363.1307  17.67693  33.96467 585.227747
#> 131  130 365.7831  17.66876  33.77368 582.774496
#> 132  131 368.4023  17.66830  33.60178 580.327609
#> 133  132 370.9873  17.67541  33.44843 577.888893
#> 134  133 373.5368  17.68995  33.31312 575.460086
#> 135  134 376.0500  17.71180  33.19537 573.042862
#> 136  135 378.5256  17.74083  33.09471 570.638829
#> 137  136 380.9628  17.77693  33.01072 568.249534
#> 138  137 383.3605  17.82000  32.94299 565.876471
#> 139  138 385.7179  17.86993  32.89114 563.521074
#> 140  139 388.0339  17.92662  32.85480 561.184731
#> 141  140 390.3076  17.98998  32.83362 558.868776
#> 142  141 392.5383  18.05992  32.82729 556.574501
#> 143  142 394.7250  18.13636  32.83549 554.303152
#> 144  143 396.8669  18.21922  32.85793 552.055930
#> 145  144 398.9633  18.30840  32.89434 549.834000
#> 146  145 401.0132  18.40384  32.94445 547.638486
#> 147  146 403.0160  18.50546  33.00801 545.470477
#> 148  147 404.9710  18.61318  33.08479 543.331025
#> 149  148 406.8774  18.72693  33.17456 541.221149
#> 150  149 408.7344  18.84663  33.27709 539.141837
#> 151  150 410.5416  18.97221  33.39218 537.094044
#> 152  151 412.2981  19.10360  33.51963 535.078696
#> 153  152 414.0033  19.24072  33.65924 533.096691
#> 154  153 415.6568  19.38350  33.81082 531.148896
#> 155  154 417.2578  19.53185  33.97420 529.236154
#> 156  155 418.8058  19.68569  34.14918 527.359279
#> 157  156 420.3004  19.84495  34.33560 525.519063
#> 158  157 421.7409  20.00954  34.53327 523.716268
#> 159  158 423.1270  20.17937  34.74204 521.951634
#> 160  159 424.4581  20.35435  34.96172 520.225877
#> 161  160 425.7338  20.53438  35.19214 518.539686
#> 162  161 426.9538  20.71937  35.43314 516.893730
#> 163  162 428.1176  20.90920  35.68454 515.288650
#> 164  163 429.2250  21.10377  35.94616 513.725067
#> 165  164 430.2756  21.30297  36.21783 512.203576
#> 166  165 431.2692  21.50667  36.49937 510.724749
#> 167  166 432.2055  21.71476  36.79058 509.289133
#> 168  167 433.0844  21.92709  37.09128 507.897252
#> 169  168 433.9056  22.14353  37.40127 506.549606
#> 170  169 434.6691  22.36393  37.72034 505.246667
#> 171  170 435.3747  22.58814  38.04829 503.988886
#> 172  171 436.0224  22.81601  38.38490 502.776684
#> 173  172 436.6122  23.04737  38.72994 501.610459
#> 174  173 437.1442  23.28204  39.08318 500.490582
#> 175  174 437.6184  23.51984  39.44437 499.417393
#> 176  175 438.0349  23.76059  39.81327 498.391209
#> 177  176 438.3940  24.00409  40.18960 497.412313
#> 178  177 438.6958  24.25013  40.57310 496.480963
#> 179  178 438.9406  24.49851  40.96348 495.597383
#> 180  179 439.1288  24.74900  41.36044 494.761770
#> 181  180 439.2607  25.00139  41.76368 493.974284
#> 182  181 439.3366  25.25543  42.17287 493.235057
#> 183  182 439.3572  25.51088  42.58770 492.544186
#> 184  183 439.3230  25.76750  43.00782 491.901729
#> 185  184 439.2344  26.02504  43.43286 491.307715
#> 186  185 439.0922  26.28322  43.86248 490.762135
#> 187  186 438.8970  26.54179  44.29628 490.264941
#> 188  187 438.6496  26.80048  44.73388 489.816054
#> 189  188 438.3508  27.05900  45.17488 489.415349
#> 190  189 438.0014  27.31707  45.61887 489.062664
#> 191  190 437.6024  27.57441  46.06541 488.757796
#> 192  191 437.1547  27.83072  46.51409 488.500503
#> 193  192 436.6593  28.08572  46.96445 488.290502
#> 194  193 436.1174  28.33910  47.41605 488.127468
#> 195  194 435.5300  28.59057  47.86841 488.011033
#> 196  195 434.8983  28.83984  48.32107 487.940785
#> 197  196 434.2236  29.08659  48.77355 487.916272
#> 198  197 433.5071  29.33054  49.22536 487.936997
#> 199  198 432.7502  29.57139  49.67602 488.002418
#> 200  199 431.9542  29.80885  50.12503 488.111951
#> 201  200 431.1205  30.04261  50.57189 488.264968